Computer-use agents are limited by the interfaces humans give them, according to a new arXiv paper. The abstract gives concrete examples: an agent might type a spreadsheet cell by cell when a single line of code would do, or print all two thousand lines of a file through a shell just to find one function.
The paper argues that these human-centric interfaces force agents into awkward, inefficient behaviors. Instead of adapting agents to existing tools, the authors propose evolving the interfaces themselves—designing new ways for agents to interact with software that better match their capabilities.
Because the abstract is brief, the specific mechanism for evolving interfaces is not detailed here. But the core claim is clear: the bottleneck may not be the agent, but the interface it is given.